Trogoniformes
Trogonidae
Trogons
John HarshmanThis tree diagram shows the relationships between several groups of organisms.
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close boxDiscussion of Phylogenetic Relationships
Old World trogons (Apaloderma, Harpactes, and Apalharpactes) clearly form a clade (Johansson and Ericson 2004, Moyle 2005; contra Sibley and Ahlquist 1990, Espinosa de los Monteros 1998), though relationships within that clade are not clear, since neither species of Apalharpactes has yet been sampled in a phylogenetic analysis. New World trogons (Trogon, Pharomachrus, Priotelus, and Euoptilotus) may be paraphyletic to the Old World trogons, though these basal relationships have been contradictory among studies (Johansson and Ericson 2004, Moyle 2005). All genera are apparently monophyletic, pending data on Apalharpactes.
References
Brightsmith, D. J. 2005. Competition, predation and nest niche shifts among tropical cavity nesters: phylogeny and natural history evolution of parrots (Psittaciformes) and trogons (Trogoniformes). Journal of Avian Biology 36:64-73.
Collar, N.J. 2001. Family Trogonidae (Trogons). Pages 80-129 in Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 6. J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie, eds. BirdLife International and Lynx Editions, Cambridge, UK and Barcelona.
Espinosa de los Monteros, A. 1998. Phylogenetic relationships among the trogons. Auk 115:937-954.
Espinosa de los Monteros, A. 2000. Higher-level phylogeny of Trogoniformes. Mol. Phylo. Evol. 14:20-34.
Johansson, U. S., and P. G. P. Ericson. 2005. A re-evaluation of basal phylogenetic relationships within trogons (Aves : Trogonidae) based on nuclear DNA sequences. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 43(2):166-173.
Johnsgard, P. A. 2000. Trogons and Quetzals of the World. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
Moyle, R. G. 2005. Phylogeny and biogeographical history of Trogoniformes, a pantropical bird order. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 84(4):725-738.
Sibley, C. G., and J. A. Ahlquist. 1990. Phylogeny and classification of birds. Yale University Press, New Haven.
Information on the Internet
- Trogon videos. Internet Bird Collection.
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Page: Tree of Life Trogoniformes. Trogonidae. Trogons. Authored by John Harshman. The TEXT of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License - Version 3.0. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own license, and they may or may not be available for reuse. Click on an image or a media link to access the media data window, which provides the relevant licensing information. For the general terms and conditions of ToL material reuse and redistribution, please see the Tree of Life Copyright Policies.
- First online 28 August 2007
- Content changed 27 June 2008
Citing this page:
Harshman, John. 2008. Trogoniformes. Trogonidae. Trogons. Version 27 June 2008 (under construction). http://tolweb.org/Trogonidae/26426/2008.06.27 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/